Sapanca Lake, located within the border of Sakarya in the Marmara Region, was once a part of the Marmara Sea. However, over time, it separated from the sea and formed a freshwater lake on its own.
Sapanca Lake, formerly known as Ayan Lake, replaced the underlying fault line.
The 16-kilometer-long lake spreads over an area of 42 square kilometers. Although the deepest point of Sapanca Lake is 61 meters, its average depth is around 30 meters.
It is generally fed by the springs of Samanlı Mountain, where the leak is located. The most important of these expenses are as follows; Derbent Stream, Eşme Stream, Aygır Stream, Maden Stream, Keçi Stream, Arifiye Stream, İstanbul Stream and Yanık Stream. When the lake exceeds its volume, the excess water flows into the Sakarya River on the east side.
Nearly 80 bird species live in Sapanca Lake, which is a point of local and alienation throughout the year. Since it is fed by many sources, it is less polluted than other lakes. However, some of them still survive.
According to measurements, the lake water temperature increases in winter and spring and decreases in summer. Differences in water also vary from season to season. Sometimes the difference is 80 centimeters, sometimes it can go up to 150 centimeters.
The most important bird species accepted as the natural habitat of Sapanca Lake are the Pochard and the Hungarian duck. In addition, the coot is the most common bird species in the lake. Since coots hunt in groups, a disproportionate growth is observed in the plants on Sapanca Lake. The most common fish species in the lake are carp, pike and catfish.
